Cheapchip Cooke Project Business Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Cheapchip Cooke Project personal line of credit Plan - Essay ExampleNext, refractory overhead bes must also be managed with much care because here electricity and gas costs might rise even without the knowledge of the management. A significant percentage of businesses are faced with the threat oc closure nowadays because of the rising energy costs.Finally, cost centers or cost drivers as they are known in accounting jargon, must be identify before costs are allocated to them. Failure to do so will lead to confusion as to which area of the business has higher costs and which less.* Operating supplement may be defined as the ability of a firm to use its frosty operating costs (rent etc.) to magnify the effect of changes in sales on its earnings before interest and tax (EBIT). The formula for Degree of Operating Leverage (DOL) is3. Number of cookies of various categories that can be baked during one hundred eighty days are 1792 x 180 = 3,22,560 while my budgeted annual sales stand at 3,87,082 (the margin of safety production). I assume that the exit of 64,522 cookies can be baked with some overtime work assigned to full-time workers.My calculations of the break-even blots or output levels are based on a realistic assumption of what is desirable and achievable given the talent constraint imposed by the 112 batch of cookies per 30 minutes. Working hours per day cannot be stretched beyond 8 unless overtime payment is given to those workers who willingly work after the 8-hour shift during the night. My calculations of costs both fixed and overhead are based on realistic estimates that included the additional costs of selling cookies such as the cost of 0.25 cents per cookie sold. Also I have taken into consideration the total fixed cost as equivalent to $ 40,000 per year excluding the depreciation charge. I have assumed a breakeven point of 70,000 cookies per annum of type C1 which is priced at $ 0.50. Even if the

US moving to IFRS. (International Accounting) Essay

US moving to IFRS. (International Accounting) - move ExampleAlbrecht affirms that the best way to determine the viability of adopting a new course of action is by routine of incremental analysis in which the benefits of the change should outweigh its cost. The decision of the US moving to IFRS has triggered a pickle of debate, with many participants narrowing its effect to the various parties. Among them are the investors whose protection is included in the SEC mission. correspond to Albrecht two key elements defining financial markets under the U.S. GAAP are the low cost of quest capital and the highest ROIs as compared to other markets in the world. This has to a major extent been attributed to the good rules that have been developed, challenged and influence for several years, which has led to bright lines in reporting unlike in IFRSs where managers can manipulate numbers. If the word meaning occurs the U.S. companies may experience a reduction in market value in stocks and bonds to unknown levels. match to Parks the cost of adoption could be approximately $32 million per company. In fact British Petroleum CEO said that for his company $100 million was spent for the first year and roughly $150 million for the second and third year. This is a huge cost against revenue and its in all probability to affect the profit margins and consequently returns on investment.Finally on the costs, in the U.S investors and accountants allow for need to carry how to read and interpret the financial statements prepared using IFRSs. This will need resources in terms of currency and time to cover millions of these people.The benefits to investors will be an expected reduction in audit fees whose effect will be felt as years pass by, as auditors will have to take collective numbers at face value. Based on this analysis the cost are more real(a) and seem to outweigh the benefits hence the move would not really benefit the

Critically assess theories of Transaction Cost Economics and Resource Essay - 1

Critically assess theories of Transaction Cost economic science and Resource Based View in terms of their usefulness in explaining wet - Essay guinea pigThis is a theory that tries to explain why companies exist, why they outsource activities to the external environment, and why they expand.The theory argues that companies probe to minimize the bureaucratic cost of exchanges within the company, and that companies try to minimize the cost of exchanging resources with the environment.In their operations, the companies therefore, analyse the bureaucratic costs of conducting in-house activities, and the costs of exchanging resources with the environment (Williamson, 2010 Boneta, Peris-Ortizb & Gil-Pechuanb, 2010 McIvor, 2009). The market and the institutions atomic number 18 considered different forms of coordinating, and organizing economic relationss. The firm makes a decision basing an outline on this theory to find out an appropriate move whether to outsource or use indispensa ble resources. If such an analysis reveals high external costs, the firm leave alone not outsource since it will view as determined that it has the capability to perform its operations cheaply. This means the firm will grow. When the external costs are lower than the internal bureaucratic costs, it is advisable to outsource the activities to be performed in the market. Such acts lead to lessen transaction and bureaucratic costs. Using the internal bureaucratic means of operation when the cost is higher than the transaction costs in the market reduces the firms growth rate or intentions.... After intromission of the competitive advantage, a firm is able to sustain it over longer periods of time. The firm will and then be able to protect itself against resource transfer, imitation, or substitution (Revilla, Cordeiro & Sarkis, 2011 Flynn, Morita & Machuca, 2010). When firms in a specific exertion are competing in a market, these respective firms must have some unique(p) resource s that improve act more that other companies. This creates the competitive advantage of a firm. If for example a firm has a unique strategy of acquiring customers, it will beat the other firms in the market, and gain more market share. This will be its competitive advantage. Not all firms therefore, should have the equivalent resources that give a certain firm a competitive advantage. Such a resource or resources must be difficult to replicate or imitate through other means (Flynn, Morita & Machuca, 2010). Usefulness in Explaining Firms Internationalising Strategies The transaction cost economic science theory explains why firms exist, expand and outsource certain activities. Internationalising a strategy means exploitation the same strategy internationally. A firm may have its headquarters in Atlanta, but has found supple market in various other states, and countries outside United States. If this firm analysed its strategies, and found out that using one type of strategy, or by using certain strategies, the transaction costs and the internal bureaucratic costs are minimized, it will continue to use the same strategies internationally. Specific strategies therefore, ensure a current firm exists in a region a firm expands to certain regions and survives or outsources to survive in the market. Analysing this considering the Resource Based

Disaster At D-day Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

hazard At D- solar day - Essay ExampleUS thought a short r push throughe would be a more optimum approach for long term.Operation Sledgehammer and Operation Roundup were the two preliminary proposals emaciated up. Operation Sledgehammer was planned to invade Germany in 1942 and Operation Roundup was planned for a larger ravish in 1943, which later on became Operation Overload and was delayed until 1944.In 1943 the then Chief of rung to the Supreme Allied Commander (COSSAC) British Lieutenant-General Sir Frederick Morgan planned the initial process and later his plan was follow and refined in the year 1944 by General Dwight David Eisenhower who was the head of the Supreme Headquarters, Allied Expeditionary suck (SHAEF).Because of the short operating range of the allied fighters made it the ground situation more difficult since modified possibility of amphibious landing sites. The geography reduced the optional striking sites to two the Pas de Calais and the Normandy coast. Pas de Calais was heavily fortify and defended by the Germans because they know that it offers the shortest path to the European mainland from UK and more importantly it offers a direct route to Germany. therefrom Normandy became an obvious choice for the allied forces to attack.In January 1944 general Sir Bernard Montgomery was appointed as commander of twenty-first Army Group to which all the invaing ground forces command was accustomed. He was also responsible for developing the onslaught plan. COSSAC proposed a plan to attack with three divisions by sea and two brigades landed by air. by and by Montgomery increased the scale of intial attack to five divisions by sea and three by air. In total 47 divisions under the supervision of British command was formulated to the battle of Normandy. The 47 divisions take on 21 American, 19 British, 5 Canadian, 1 Polish and 1 Free French division. The total offspring of troops of aliied forces were 140,000.Montgomery planned it to be a nin ety day battle where British and Canadian forces forming a shoulder and US army moving to the right. Around 6,900 vessels, 4,100 landing craft and 12,000 aircraft would be relate in the invasion. About 10,000 tons of bombs were supposed to be dropped and 14,000 attack sorties had to be flown.Allied forces rehearsed every day for the D-Day invasion in advance. They dont wanted to take any chances so they rehearsed their to perection. Germans fortified the the foreshore which was guared by four divisions. The fotification was break-dance of their Atlantic Aall defences and was guarded by the four divisions of which only one division (352nd) was of high quality and that likewise the cadre of the 321st division-the core of 352nd. The 352nd division has many troops that participated in war against the allied forces before and was carrying out anti-invasion exercises. The other troops include were, usually for medical reasons, and were declared unfit for active duty. After witnessing t he virulent reality that prevailed in German POW camps Soviet prisoners agreed to fight for Germans. Field Marshall Erwin Rommel was given command of the Atlantic Wall. After inspecting the Atlantic Wall Rommel requested Hitler to increase the defences. After inspection he found that Atlantic Wall only covered the ports themselves, beaches were barely defended and there was every possibility of consort capturing the key points from inland. He improved the defences acrss the coast line and made it stronger. Steel obstacles were laid, booby traps were prepared, bunkers and pillboxes were constructed. Though

Perspective on Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Perspective on Business - Essay ExampleBusiness should in essence earn profits for its own good. This statement holds true for the business as a unscathed hardly the manner in which he has explained the statement suggests that business has to do a lot of favorable service work apart from the usual profit earning exercises that it usually undertakes on a consistent basis. Because of this, the facial expression of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has come about to the fold. This phenomenon is internal to an organization as it dictates the manner in which it has to plan about the courses of action it has to carry out with respect to the society. This term basically deals with the organizations set of operations that it carries out for the welfare of the society while existing within itself. However saving in profits remains a signifi baset aspect no matter what the ethical domains snitch for out to be. This is a reality and shall remain to be in the long range scheme of thin gs. pitiful on further with the discussion at hand regarding the responsibility of business units, we see that these concepts can be applied to a business in a very innovative fashion as well. The keep comp either can invest in the social arena with much return in mind, not in the short-term but of course in the long run. Such is the example of Shell, which has introduced education programs for children all over the globe thus acting as a consumer-friendly company. People in return like to bargain for products of Shell because it gives them the pleasure that some proportion of the money earned by Shell would be worn out(p) on its different social and literary programs. Culturally, this can prove to be a very lively agent that can really highlight the problem areas of different people within a exceptional environment and then go about correcting and reforming them in the best manner possible with the aid of capital and grants1. This is the basic way in which the business has b een acting to do something for the sake of community welfare. The companies from the economic aspects can earn a due share with arranging all sorts of cultural activities in the name of philanthropy that will benefit their cause and help the poor and leady. Speaking truly from an ethical viewpoint, it is the duty of any business that exists to satisfy a customer through its products and/or services to be responsive towards their need and defer the financial sides concerned with the company. It is important though not to ignore the monetary aspect but to remain in the business in the first place for the ones the business is being done, it is essential to turn up the resources onto them and then move on forward expanding the market share and the like. There are a calculate of companies that have continued to divest the consumers of their basic rights in the name of achieving certain financial ratios. However doing so does mean putting the business long term strategy at risk as the customers and the stay stakeholders would not appreciate the fact that the enterprise does not value their concerns rather goes after the financial side. The need and thus the opportunity in the business world of present times is to get ourselves noticed and make the companies realize of their responsibilities that they owe to the customers. It is imperative on the part of the respective companys leadership to transform that customers alone could shape up the future and visionary characteristics of the company and thus they have to be

Behind AIG's Fall Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Behind AIGs Fall - Case Study ExampleThis collapse likewise triggered skepticism just about use of computer driven models. Warren Buffet had warned earlier about the latent risk involved with using such models. AIG either misled its investors or was really in the dark about the electromotive force risk when in during a meeting last December, it assured the investors that this model gave AIG a very(prenominal) high level of comfort.The problem with the model was that while it took historical data into account to assess potential of default, it would non consider the risk of future collateral calls or write-downs, which has destroyed AIG. The firm also suffered because it had not protected itself through hedging which resulted in exposure to very large collateral calls. AIG has already salaried around $8 billion to $9 billion to Goldman Sachs Group in collateral because it was one of the avocation partners. Such payments will continue even after the bailout.Gorton had always be en passionate about mathematics and get together AIG in 1990. He was paid $250 per hour or around $200,000 a year for his model. He would tuck data to assess and forecast losses of various assets including home loans and corporate bonds. AIG came to depend on his models excessively. Since Mr. Gorton never considered write downs or collateral payments to partners, his plan was faulty. He was only focusing on covering true default.

RIVERS AND ETHINIC'S 3WA Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

RIVERS AND ETHINICS 3WA - Article ExampleThe preceding(prenominal) is evident in situation that life was saved and afterwards, the same patients wonder why that is pertinent to him or her (Burkhardt, 2008.p.12). Having put that across, it is pertinent for every nurse to realize the all- primary(prenominal)(prenominal) of his or her decision to the patients. The responsibility of the nurses is that they are expected to be altruistic. The above means that nursing professionals should have ethical obligation by overhaul others without considering self- stakes. According to experts, they affirm that an altruistic nurse will only make decision that interests the patients. It follows that, being an encourage to the patient, it is important for the nurses to practice excellent nursing ethnics. Now days, with the improvised and modern technology, nurses can keep individuals vivacious indefinitely, argues Colleen Moore. Despite of the ability to keep a patient alive indefinitely, to s ome extent the same may not be a good idea to the patients themselves. Some of the difficult questions that the medics ask themselves is that, despite of exposing patients on a life supporting machine, pump nutrients in them and hook them up in several tubes, is that a patients best option?. ... As nursing, it is necessary that the above decision be respected even if on that point is a chance of saving the life. Further, another challenge is that some patients may refuse to receive chemotherapy and it is important to respect that decision (Aiken, 1994. p.24). The book acknowledges the fact that sometimes family can make decisions due to lack of understanding or grief. Here, if the above dilemma arises that is when a strong committee of ethnics can be invaluable service. The obligate further outlines that committee on ethnics can primarily make decisions that best suits the patient despite of the dissimilar cultural beliefs of the patients, the expected outcomes and the wishes of the patients (Hunt, 1996.p. 14). It is surprising to note that to some extent the ethical committee can nominate off the large burden that the family as well, as patient is going through. With the above in minds, it is important to note that nurse practice act and code of ethnics are vital guidelines governing the behaviors of the nurses though the documents are not specific. Here, the document has limitations to extent that one cannot know wrong or right and so, the above is a decision left for the nurses to decide for themselves. In general, it is important to know that ethnics is something that encompasses the interpretation of the individuals, since it is based on the individual values and morals. Therefore, the article concludes that despite of the availability of NPA and Code, it is pertinent for the nurses to follow their own decision basing on the interest of the patients. Another pertinent article is the nursing ethical dilemmas. Here, Cathy Fant insinuates that nurses usually face

Logistics and operation managment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words - 1

Logistics and operation managment - Essay ExampleIn addition to this inventory management, capacity readying and computer programing are all considered to be significant factors in the choice of technology of the organization. These processes help in determining that how much capacity must be needed by the firm, the schedule and all the processes tie in to inventory management that are required for manufacturing a great product or begin the occupation of an entire new product.Before discussing the imbalance between inventory management, capacity planning and scheduling, it is important to spend a penny some understanding of these production aspects. Inventory management can be delimit as compulsory and overseeing the storage, ordering and making use of the components that will be used by the organization in the manufacturing process, as well as controlling and overseeing the quantity of finished goods for sale. Capacity planning can be delimit as the maximum rate of transform ation system processes or produced inputs. It can also be defined as volume of output within the elapsed time or the production cap major power of a manufacturing facility. There are a number of factors that affect capacity such as the number and ability of workers, number of suppliers and machines, waste, defects, scrap, productivity, errors, preventive maintenance and government regulations. The capacity planning can be relevant for both the short term as well as the long operations of the organizations.Scheduling can be defined as the process of controlling, arranging and optimizing the workload in the manufacturing or production process. It is used for allocating the machinery and define resources, planning production processes, planning human resources and purchasing materials. It is a significant process for engineering and manufacturing, where it may impose a significant impact on the production of the organization. In manufacturing process, the major purpose of scheduling is to minimize the time and cost of production by

World Trade in Merchandise Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

World Trade in mathematical crop - Essay ExampleBetween the months of June and September, the price index lost 11.5 percent in terms of the dollar. (United Nations, 2009, p.45). The tenableness that can be identified for contraction in trade is a financial crisis. There was long-winded growth in output by almost 2 percent and the probability to fall that was high as well. The impact of the sink in essence world production was magnified in trade. Since the month of September 2008, the imports and exports of the major developed and the developing countries declined. (World Trade Organization, 2009). The sh be of developing countries in the total global trade started to rise. It was assumed that a decoupling effect would emerge into the picture and the developing countries will be less exposed to the economic downturn. As all regions of the World are slowing at once, the decline in demand conditions is more widespread than that of the past. The second reason that can be accounte d for is the presence of change magnitude global supply chains in total trade. In the production process, the goods are supposed to transit many boundaries and the components in the final product are considered each and every time they cross a boundary. The only way to avoid such kind of effect is to measure the transactions in trade on the basis of the added value at each stage of the process of production. Shortage of trade pay can be regarded as the third reason for the situation. Shortage of trade has lead to a famine of trade. This problem is receiving attention from government and other international institutions. The role of the WTO has been like an honest broker. It brings the top players to work out together that will ensure the availability and also the affordability of trade finance. Protection is yet another operator that contributed to a contraction in trade. Rises in the level of protection are threatening to the prospects of recovery and last out the downturn. In the long run, the aggravated protectionism policy is a source of concern. 2. Free trade, one of the greatest blessings which a government can confer on a people, is in almost every country unpopular Lord Macaulay (1800-1859). It is true then and arguably very true today. (a) Critically discuss THREE forms of non-tariff barriers utilize by governments to limit the free flow of trade and assess their possible effects on consumers in any commercialize of your choice. Nontariff barriers The three forms of nontariff barriers are imported quota, import licensing requirements, and import deposits. American firms have registered few grievances against Dutch firms. The Dutch came up as the neutral traders of Europe as they opted for a level vie field for trade matters. Soft drinks, beer, and petroleum products are the items where excise tax is levied. The excise tax is borne by the importers in addition to customs duty. The European Union aims to create a single international market an d harmonize the excise taxes. Nontariff barriers are a measure used by the government to favor goods that are produced domestically over goods produced in foreign countries. The nontariff barriers are used to reduce the volume of imports so as to help the domestic producers. A quota may be defined as the maximum limitation each in physical units or in other terms imposed on imports of a product for a certain period of time.

What caused the korean war Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

What caused the korean struggle - Essay ExampleThe Korean War, civil and military struggle that was fought on the Korean Peninsula and that reached its height surrounded by 1950 and 1953, was originated in the division of Korea into S outh Korea and North Korea afterwards universe War II (1939-1945) . Efforts to reunify the peninsula after the war failed, and in 1948, the South proclaimed the Republic of Korea after the elections held under the linked Nations and the North establish the Peoples Republic of Korea under the influence of the USSR.In 1949, border fighting broke out between the North and the South. On June 25, 1950, North Korean forces crossed the dividing line and invaded the South. Soon, in defence of the South, the United States joined the fighting under the banner of the United Nations (UN), along with small contingents of British, Canadian, Australian, and Turkish troops. In October 1950, mainland China joined the war on the Norths side. By the time a cease-fir e transcription was signed on July 27, 1953, millions of soldiers and civilians had perished. The armistice ended the fighting, precisely Korea has remained divided for decades since and subject to the possibility of a newfangled war at any time3. In this paper, I will talk about causes of Korean War.World War II ended in Sep 1945, with the total surrender of Japan. Now little Korea, a bone without meat, was in paw reach of Russian armies. Dictator Joseph Stalin was all too well assured of Koreas value as a foil against Russias traditional rivals, China and Japan, and as a checkmate to the United States which, having won the war in the pacific, was bound to play a leading government agency in establishing the new order in Asia4. He was set to overrun Korea, not to prep ar it for freedom, but to convert it to Communism and thereafter exploit it. This has been his plan in central Europe, where he had first liberated, then, held captive, what are called the Iron curtain countries. In 1943, after the Cairo conference, Stalin had agreed with US,

China and Japan's environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

china and japan&aposs environment - Essay patternIn 2005, main(prenominal)land China was the top emitter of the greenhouse having a 16.4 percent emission rate while Japan had 3.1 percent emission rate (Jin, Dong & Chen, 2012).Historically, China and Japan has been involved in various policies in effort to reduce various forms of pollution including the Kyoto protocol that committed state parties to reducing emission of greenhouses gasses. Recently, China and Japan invested heavily in financial as well as policy resources in bring through to ensure that the reduction of greenhouse gas emission is achieved. The climatic change policies of some(prenominal) countries have been impelled by domestic consideration including economic restructuring, energy demand as well as smogginess (Wiener, 2004).In efforts to reduce emission, both countries agreed to budget towards a low carbon society. In achieving this objective, both countries real ample policy frameworks designed to control in dividual activity emissions, as well as corporate investment emissions. A low carbon society can also be developed by introducing a market-based reduction scheme such as cap and trade system, carbon taxes among others. Fundamentally, China and Japans environmental policies benefited public wellness. Various health issues are related to emission of greenhouse gas. Emission of greenhouse gas causes destruction to the Ozone layer. Destruction of the Ozone layer can cause various health issues including skin diseases, eye problems, and cancer among others.The Chinese and Japanese policy was also appealing to the general honourable obligation regarding the emission of the greenhouse gas. Considering the potential differences between Japan and China in terms of their norms, on that point was need to join necessarily to ensure that the universe is safe from harmful gas (Wiener, 2004).One of the main challenges in addressing the problem of greenhouse gas emission is policy implementation follow up. Follow up is very

Identifying a discourse's significance and problem Essay

Identifying a discourses significance and problem - turn up Exampleonveyed in a powerful way by linking it with the story of the protagonist lion sonny that grows into a lion and realizes what happens when the hyenas take over and kill all the animals.In the film, Lion pansy King Mustafa refers to the valley as the Circle of Life which is significant for the cause of preservation of animal life. The incidents that occur subsequent in the story when Scar lets the hyenas loose on pride work demonstrates the disastrous results when animals are utilise for selfish purposes and when their lives are not preserved. This is an important nub that only serves to emphasize how important it is that animals should be make to suffer, neither should they be used licentiously for mans benefit, as in the entertainment sedulousness and in scientific experiments where they are put through pain and suffering. Killing animals is also likely to agitate the Circle of life and the delicate ecolo gical balance that exists.This is the real problem the film addresses with its underlying message - the cruel and indiscriminate killing of animals. The film applies subtle persuasion as far as the lulu is concerned, high spot the importance of preservation of the life of animals in order to ensure that the various species of the globe are protected.The text of the film supports the message against indiscriminate killing of animals, mostly through the stark desolation it portrays of the land when most of the animals in it have been destroyed. This is an important message in the modern day context, when man is indiscriminately destroying animals and subjecting them to cruel and inhuman treatment. As the film portrays, there is a delicate balance in nature, where unlike species co-exist harmoniously together. Pride Land as it existed was a place where there was a productive earth and happy animals because none was subjected to cruel degrading treatment.The film also provides a reso lution for the problem. After highlighting the devastation

Business Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

argument Law - Essay Exampleit pot be specific or general. A general stand is open for more than one person and can be delivered by anyone who is commensurate to accept it validly. In Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Company, the defendant do a product called smoke wind which was a cure for influenza and promised to pay ? blow to anyone who used the product according to the instructions muckle out by the defendant and got sick with influenza. The defendant used the product and got sick with influenza and claimed ?100 from the defendant. It was held that the defendant was liable. An cristal lapses in the event of a counter- fracture. When an offer is made by an offeror and the offeree presents his protest damage of acceptance, the original offer is revoked. If the original offeror accepts the terms of the offeree, a new contract is create which is different from the contract that would have formed if the original offer was accepted. A valid acceptance is also essential for a legally binding contract. An acceptance is valid if it is made on the same terms as the offer. The parties to a legally binding contract must agree to the same thing in the same sense. Acceptance must be made when offer is open for acceptance. An acceptance would not be efficient if the offeror has revoked his offer. Acceptance must be made by the person to whom the offer was intend and conveyed to the person who made the offer. A person to whom the offer is not open for acceptance cannot accept the offer. The potential of acceptance varies according to the different modes of communication. When both the parties are in an instantaneous interpersonal communication, the acceptance becomes effective when it is received by the offeror. The relevant issue here is of acceptance by electronic mail. In communication via email, it is of preponderant importance whether the offeror has designated an information system for the purpose of receiving communication. If he has, an acceptance is deemed to have been received when the email reaches the information system. Application of the law A counter-offer revokes the original offer. When Burt said that he would pay $5000 for the bike, he made a counter-offer. Sallys offer of selling the bike for $6000 was revoked. She made a fresh offer by sending the message that she would sell the bike for $5500 to Burt. Burt rejected this offer. Once the offer was rejected, Burt was not able to accept the offer of purchasing the bike for $5500. Sally also was not able to accept the offer of selling the bike to Burt for $5000 because she had rejected his counter-offer. Therefore, there is no contract between Sally and Burt. When bastard asked for superfluous information from Sally, he was not accepting her offer to purchase the bike. At that time, the offer was still open for acceptance. Peter also made a counter offer when he asked whether the bike could have been exchange for $4000. Sally did not reply Peter for some time and it might reasonably be pass judgment that she was not willing to sell the bike for $4000 at that time but she did not communicate her intentions to Peter. Peters counter-offer was open for acceptance during the business hours which is reasonable time for acceptance. Sally accepted the counter-offer of Peter which would head in a legally binding contract. She replied Peter via email which was sent to an information system that can be deemed to have been designated by Peter because it was the only mode through which

Why do most countries think United States of America is a powerful Essay

Why do most countries think United States of the States is a the right way country - Essay ExampleUnited States of the States is currently the most powerful country in the human race with almost absolute favorable position in almost every playing area of life. Its military strength, technological topnotchiority and economic power are unmatched in the history of mankind. The superiority of United States of America effectively started after the end of the cold fight when USSR was disintegrated and the concept of bipolar piece failed as United States emerged as the sole super power of the world. However, the United States of America has a coherent history of its march to fightds achieving its status of the super power of the world. This essay will look into the historical reputation of the USs journey towards the superiority besides discussing the factors behind the superiority of US.American Spanish state of warThe America-Spanish war is probably the moment which gave Americ a an open ground to climb at the top of the world stagecoach and the power it is enjoying now. This war gave America its first real exposure of being the future super power of the world. In the spring of 1898, the 10 week long war between America and Spain gave the America necessary victory it required to start its climb towards the super power game. The historical background of this war can be traced back to the Cubas civil war where Spanish excesses forced America to interfere in the War and establish its regional hegemony in the Caribbean. (Bethel, 1998). It was Americas first major war after the civil war and its first major foreign war in its brief history. With the expiry toll of 400 Americans, this war gave America an unqualified victory which opened the gates for this nation to the stage of being super power.

Needs Assessment of the Diabetic Patient Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Needs Assessment of the Diabetic Patient - Essay ExampleDiabetes II finds that insulin is produced by the pancreas but it is ineffective in carrying protrude total body functions where the insulin is desperately needed to be regulated (Rubin 1999). Furtherto a greater extent, just as this current forbearing faces issues of obesity, many adult patients who suffer with Diabetes II argon quite regularly classified as being moderately everywhereweight to points of morbid obesity as well which again is an issue that further complicates the intercession process. Since insulin therapy is ineffective in the treatment and solicitude of Diabetes II and also because the majority of people with this form of diabetes are obese the most popular and beneficial treatment regimens that have been implemented into the care of patients has been an appropriate exercise routine with decent diet and nutrition mapped out for them. Seemingly this would be the appropriate guidelines for the current pat ient. Therefore the two main goals of the management plan for this patient will be to decrease his weight with an exercise program and to monitor his dietary and fluid brainchild on a weekly basis as well.Firstly, before an in-depth management program can bring with this patient there needs to be an initial development of a good interpersonal affinity between the primary care manager and the patient himself. Because patients with Diabetes II are sometimes severely obese the medical provider needs to have the clear awareness that this patient might suffer with clinical depression and anxiety due to his physical appearance. Therefore, it should be the goal of the care giver to build a dumbfound of trust and faith between him or herself and the patient in order to provide a exalted quality care plan to manage the Diabetes (Aggleton & Chalmers 2000). Nurses who use an interpersonal approach have been found to be able to correctly assist patients in planning a strategic alternative to gaining control over a disease such as Diabetes II. This is due to the fact that an interpersonal approach utilizes techniques that are more thorough than a traditional nurse/ patient evaluation. For instance, the skills used are normally observing, questioning, examining, and testing and cadence to ascertain whether the patient will be able to meet the set goals being designed for them (Roper et al 1996). It is believed that this type of approach will be best for this patient in that it will build the proper relationship in order to work as a joint team in the management of the patients illness. Furthermore, with regard to correctly acquiring this patients information so that medical treatment and evaluation can be carried out, nurses and all medical care providers have to be careful not to tread over the stipulations that the NMC has stipulate when working with patients. This specific code states that, nurses should protect all confidential information concerning patients obt ained in the course of maestro practices and make disclosure only with consent (NMC 2002). This of course draws on the ethical and legal aspects of properly pity

M1A3 - Organizatinal Behavior Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

M1A3 - Organizatinal Behavior - Research account ExampleIn addition, mental models and shared vision become the third and fourth parts of the knead respectively. The former are the personal assumptions within an individual about the high society while the latter is the customary goal shared by all members of staff9 (Sessa & London, 2006). Lastly, the team learning aspect becomes the fifth fall upon keystone in this organization that is mainly the collective pooling of individually learnt aspects drawn from other members of staff (Marquardt, 2011). Objectively, this paper impart give the do of a company in which transformation will aim at by including the intended broad principles. Further, it will include recommendations to the chosen learning organization that may include motivation, team management, culture, ethics, and empowerment. The learning organization chosen would be General Motors Corporation. Brief overview of General Motors General Motors is a name commonly associ ated to remarkable car brands in the world. Arguably, GM is the leading multi- state car manufacturer with its furnish in Detroit, Michigan in the United States. Globally, it has establishments in a hundred and fifty seven countries break across several continents. It has over two hundred thousand employees under its wing by all employing them directly or indirectly. GM has four regional clutters namely, GM South America, GM Europe, GM northeastward America, lastly GM International Operations. Each of these segments is charged with organizing their designated world regions in sales, production, commercialiseing, and development of products. The fifth and key pillar of the General Motors conjunction is the General Motors Financial that is in charge of the primary financial matters of the company. However, in June 2009 General Motors started experiencing financial strain (Kolb, 2011). The government of the United States intervened through the Chapter 11 accord in which the gover nment-sought to defend the Companys assets after bankruptcy declarations (Weston, 2012). With this move, General Motors shareholders could not access their assets in Asia and Europe during this crisis. Remarkably, it experience a relisting to the stock markets in 2010 following a successful public offering of preferred shares. Sequentially, the U.S treasury let go of thirty-five percent of its shareholding rights to a minimum of twenty-six percent after the 2010 initial public share offer. Treasury had acquired this stake when it sought to save the company from economic plummet. GM as a transformed organization In order for GM to make substantial transformation, a be of aspects have to come in to play. For a start, the main reason that led to the economic fall of this market giant was the hefty allowances that it paid its managers during that time. The managers of the company across the globe took home unnecessary large pay, which the company struggled to effect. Therefore, the transformation process for this company would start by reevaluating the pay for its managers to suit the current economic times. Ideally, it is not morally up right to pay people heftily when a company as it its dismal performance. Secondly, the Company experienced economic struggle because of the high amounts of money that they injected in to the pension scheme for their retired

Coke vs Pepsi Essay Example for Free

Coke vs Pepsi EssayPepsi has historically tar confirmed a young audience especially since the 1980s .Many of their ads were usually aimed at teenagers and even younger groups by introducing fun, sports and music in their ads and this still hasnt changed in 2014.Pepsi has consistently found new ways to adapt to all(prenominal) generation and found great success through it. But most of the credit comes from their class systems.Pepsi has a Behavioral segmentation that contains nodes usage. They range customers usage from light to occasional drinkers. They also look at customers grease ones palms behaviors trying label them as instinctive or planned buyers. A good example of a planned buyer and a purchase occasional buyer would be somebody having a get together or a party where the customer chooses to buy Pepsi products to quench their thirst after a exciting fun time.Pepsi also has a Psychological segmentation that focus on a life style and personality. Pepsi has created a mo tto for themselves called Live Now, merely they say that its not vertical a motto barely a mindset. So you already k at one time that they had to have a segment of the great unwashed that sh argon their equal belief. These customers are usually fun sophisticated mint or cool teenagers.Pepsis final segmentation is Geo-demographic which loosely focuses on the urban areas around the world .which make a lot of sense because most people believe that the cities is where the most fun and big event occur at. As well as decision this particular demographic ages 18- 25 ,which are considered to be young cool sophisticated people that just want to live now.coca plant Cola Company is the worlds largest beverage company, refreshing consumers with more than 500 scintillating and still brands.But for some reason Coca Cola doesnt have a specific stain segment but adapt its marketing strategy by developing new products, which really gist their segmentation are really broad. Generally, Coke d oes not have a specific sharpen because they are really trying to addressed everyone.Coca Cola also doesnt try to target a lifestyles, but they are seeing more and more busy lifestyle and mobile generation that are considered to be the most important part of Cokes consumers. Coca cola also doesnt care about a customers occupation but found out that mainly students and family oriented people buy Coca Cola products.Coca Cola also sees that their main consumers are 12-30 years elder people and even though there is no specific product or communication for little than 12 or more than 30, the brand succeed in reaching them, through partnerships from six flags,restaurants, turbulent foods such as McDonalds or Loyalty from customers.Finally, Coca Cola consider each customer as a target and a potential consumer. All age groups are being targeted but the most potential is the age group from 18-25 that covers a good amount of the age segments.How do their segmentation strategies differ?The ir segmentation strategies differ in a big way because Pepsi used the segmentation method to target their customers ,but Coca Cola didnt really structure a segmentation method to target their customers with .They mostly used the positioning method to grow their company. Pepsi focus on customers that wanted to live now ,a more exciting life. While Coca Cola just wanted everybody to enjoy a Coca Cola product, living your life even if its boring or exciting they didnt care, as long as you had a coke in your hand.

Associate Program Material Essay Example for Free

Associate Program Material EssayAnswer each drumhead in 50 to 150 words. Provide citations for all the sources you use.1. What is diversity? Why is diversity valued? mutation is often used to refer to many demographic variables like race, religion, color, gender, national origin, disability, sexual orientation, age, education, geographic origin, and acquirement characteristics. Diversity is valued, because it has given our country its experience unique strengths and flexibilities. Without diversity, our world would be in way worse shape than it already is today.http//www.doi.gov/pmb/eeo/what-is-diversity.cfm2. What is ethnocentrism? In what slipway good deal ethnocentrism be detrimental to a society?Ethnocentrism is where a specific ethnic group is brought to attention and centered on, usually being ones admit group. Ethnocentrism layabout be detrimental to a society, because it can lead to false opinions about the differences with cultures which then can often lead to falsi fied communication between the majority human beings.http//home.snu.edu/hculbert/ethno.htm3. Define emigration and immigration.Emigration is delimit as migration from a place (especially migration from your inhering country in Order to settle inanother). in-migration is defined as migration into a place (especially migration to a country of which you ar not a native in order to settle there). The two comments are similar to one another.wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn4. What are some of the ways groups of people are identified?Groups of people are identified in many different ways. They can be identified by all of the following race, religion, color, gender, national origin, disability, sexual orientation, age, education, geographic origin, and skill characteristics. Although Im sure that there are many more categories that people identify others under, there are the most common ones.5. Why do people label and group other people? pack label and group other people for numerous reasons. Some people label and group others, because they fathert want to accept the fact that they are different. Maybe they just dont discover them or want to understand them. Others label and group to make them feel better about their own selves, because they are lacking self-confidence.6. Define culture. Is culture limited to racial and ethnic backgrounds? Explain.Culture is defined as the quality in a person or society that arises from a concern for what is regarded as superior in arts, letters, manners, scholarly pursuits, etc. Another definition of culture is the behaviors and beliefs characteristic of a particular social, ethnic, or age group. No, culture is not just limited to racial and ethnic backgrounds. As it was mentioned in the definition above, culture is pertaining to social,ethnic, and age group, along with race as well.http//dictionary.reference.com/browse/culture?s=t

Socialization Essay Example for Free

acculturation EssaySocialization rout out be defined from a dictionary as a continuing exhibit whereby an individual somebody acquires a personal identity and learns the norms, values, behavior and social skills appropriate to his or her social position. Socialization is a continuous life process, but is in general divided into two very trans recruit groups particular socialising and secondary socialisation. But has enculturation mixed bagd everyplace the years? If so, what has been the driving force lavatory this change? Could it be because of the difference in the primordial socialization in the home?Or mayhap the multicultural inn in which we now live? Socialization occurs throughout life but is nigh effective in infancy and early childhood. Primary socialization occurs in the home between the parent and child. It is a process by which a child learns the cultural norms from their parents. Primary social groups are bitty intimate groups which include family, clo se friends, belong colleagues and neighbors. It is from everyday group living with the family that a child gets his or her first introduction to acceptable norms of behavior, values, and morals.Ely Chinoy, in a 1960s standard textbook on sociology, says that socialization serves two major functions On the one hand, it prepares the individual for the roles he is to play, providing him with the necessary repertoire of habits, beliefs, and values, the appropriate patterns of emotional response and the modes of perception, the requisite skills and knowledge. On the other hand, by communicating the contents of culture from one generation to the other, it provides for its persistence and continuity. Chinoy, 1961 75 The parent or guardian also passes on their views on language, customs, and religion in a comfortable informal way.The family acts as an agent of social control by t all(prenominal)ing its members rightfield from wrong and punishing its members for wrongdoing. One extremely interesting point of note about socialization is the prominence that is sited on mothers and the role that mothers play in the socialization process. We are told that it is mothers who are primarily come to in the earlier unconscious stage of socialization. However has this intimate relationship changed over the years? doubtlessly the task of primary socialization has undergone immense change in the last thirty years.The rise of the Gaelic tiger has meant the role of primary socialization has release harder to enforce. The increase in the numbers of women returning to the work force has influenced the way that socialization had previously been structured in the home. More and more children are be cared for by child minders or in creches. Thus this means that the role of primary socialization has become an area which involves a much wider circle of people. From the beginning of the noncurrent decade, the majority of children in this state where macrocosm cared for by their moth er in the home.Today life and families are not so straight-laced. Families are a complex unit that incorporates ideas that never occurred in past generations. The ideals of a family consisting of a father breadwinner and head of household, and a mother who was involved in mainly household tasks and the rearing of the children, where soon forgotten. Instead these where to be replaced with the cutting concepts of blended families, one or lone parent families, foster families and adopted families. Another major change in the life of the family that would influence primary socialization is the average number of children in the family.The decrease in the number of children in the average family home has changed the environment of the home dramatically. Parents now have fewer children than past generations. This in turn leads to parents having much more time to instill values, morals, religion and other customs in their children. The rise in children attending these playschools means tha t a child is exposed to secondary socialization at an earlier age. Secondary socialization is another example of how our socialization patterns have changed over time. Secondary socialization occurs in groups that are usually larger and more impersonal than primary groups.Members usually see each other on an infrequent basis, and these groups are not considered to be permanent. Examples are trade union memberships, religious and ethnic groups, pressure groups, voluntary organizations and the schooling system. This form of socialization is commonly introduced when a child starts school. It is a childs first experience of formal teaching and reinforces his or her past knowledge from primary socialization. This type of socialization has shown great distinction from previous eras. The multicultural and ethnic times we live in have changed the way this eneration socializes.The school system has had a major role to play in this. fit in to Christine E. Sleeted, during the 1960s, textbooks clearly featured experiences and viewpoints of white middle class and elite people, mainly men. Over the past cardinal years textbooks have gone through phases of active revision. (Christine E. Sleeter 1996 91). The world in which this generation grows is completely different to the more guarded and constrained world of the past. The integration of different cultures and ethnicities into Irish society has make a series of changes to the way we now socialize.Children are integrated into a society that incorporates the views of different races, religions and customs. For this ground the education system has undergone immense change and as Christine E. Sleeted insists, almost any textbook published over the last ten years appears t be well integrated. Many teachers work to make their curricula multicultural. The implications of this multicultural curriculum are the increase in the level of understanding and sufferance in society as a whole. (Christine E. Sleeter 199691).Similarly A ntonia Darder claims that in liberal educational American schools they strongly incorporate the primeval pedagogical themes of appropriation, subjectivity, and interionality, along with a strong humanistic emphasis on the uniqueness of the individual. (Antonia Darder 19918). This critical socialization enables society to combat issues such as classism, racism and sexism. The change in the socialization process is incontrovertible. In both of the distinct areas of socialization primary socialization and secondary socialization change has conclusion occurred and is evident in the socialization patterns of the past decade.The substantial transformation of the family has impacted on the aspect of primary socialization. While it is evident from research that the secondary socialization process is adjusting and amending its teaching methods to incorporate a freshly multicultural generation. The combination of the two reformed socialization processes has undoutedly changed the way this generation sees society. Due to the new teachings of acceptance and equality, life has changed for people in Ireland to a life that incorporates and supports a diverse society.

Observing a worship service In APA Style Essay Example for Free

Observing a worship service In APA Style destructioneavorSanatana Dharma (Hinduism) encompasses a broad variety of beliefs and practices, not all of which argon sh bed by all Hindus, and galore(postnominal) of which actually contradict for each one other. It is probably unique among the religions of the world in its tolerance of diversity. It is a save decentralized religion, with no hierarchy of clergy and so supreme authority. It had no crimegle founder whose teachings have been propagated by his disciples.Although or so of the basic beliefs of Hinduism achieved their present term about the time of Christ, the roots of the religion are lots older some of the same gods worshiped by Hindus were being worshiped by their ancestors nearly 4, 000 years ago. As Hinduism developed, it continually absorbed and reinterpreted the beliefs and practices of the diverse peoples with whom it came into contact. The church named Masjid Al-Rahim performs five times daily prayers and may gather on Friday as the major assemble of guessrs for the week.Actually they have ten types of worship and some of these are performed as a group or individually and sometimes both. What is pricy on this is that Hindus can perform it in the temple or at home whatever they want to. The worship service is called arti which means a speak toing celebration with a lamp and each of them will worship Tulsi by walking around her as soften of the ritual and each one of them will have a kirtan. later onwards, an individual will join with other believers or devotees for the meditation for their beads called japa.They have more than one priest that performs the rituals and the priests dressed the deities harmonise to their day-to-day outfits. In a while, after the priests dressed these deities, the curtains will open and the congregation will greet them with an arti. Next to this is the guru-puja. It is a time in which the congregation has the chance to offer different flowers to their spiritual leader. After this, one of the priests will sing a song called bhajan and gives a sermon to the congregation as part of their worship service.The congregation also has the chance to raise questions to the priest regarding the spiritual life at the end of the sermon. Moreover, According to them, they have 10 important holidays that are carefully observed but actually only gave me five out of ten which are the most important ones and these are the Diwali which is celebrated from September to October, Holi and Mahashivaratri (two different festivals but celebrated from February to March), the birthday celebration of Lord Rama during the month of April, Kumbh Mela happens during the months of July to August which is a kind of excursion to India.In addition, they said that their religion helps them to direct their lives especially in making their decisions. It helps them shape their characters as skilful believers and have strong belief with their gods. There are times that o ther people may misconstrue on what they believe in and this challenges most of them because it will enable and push them to share on what they believe and convince others that there religion has so much to offer beyond everyones comprehension.Also, showing good conducts to others is one of their challenges too because their present actions also determine their future lives after they died and will be reborn. For most of the believers, they believe that earthly existence in the present depends on their past lives. The fortunes of the soul in each rebirth are determined by its behavior in former lives. This law of karma states that no sin ever goes unpunished and no virtue remains unrewarded if a man does not stimulate punish handst or reward in this life, he will in some succeeding life.By his behavior a man determines whether his rebirth will be a higher station or lower, whether he will be reborn as a man, as a god, or as the lowest insect. Furthermore, they said that it didnt m atter with them if their religion is called Sanatana Dharma or Hinduism because there is no much rest in their practices and beliefs thus they believe in the same gods although may differ in practices to some degrees.In addition, the names or titles for their religion are just an identification that they believe in Hinduism. In Hinduism, men and women have different functions. The womens role is important in upholding the social and cultural values of the family and they are not given much attention with regards to their education on the other hand, mens roles are to take care of the family and his wife and must be respectful and show affections to relatives.

The Benefits of Hybrid Cars Essay Example for Free

The Benefits of interbreeding Cars EssayThere was once a time when you could turn on the news and not hear about the terrible state of the surround or the impending doom that is global warming. That time has become part of the past. The standard automobile sess be blamed for a large portion of the conflict. Todays large bragoline engines spit harmful emissions into the air every time we drive. Of course as a result, the get together States government has started to root these problems. As a result, the United States government has been attempting to solve the environmental problem. One such solution is the crossbreedingizationizing electrical car, which can save resources by giving off less emission. And my claim is one of the shipway to assist the environmental situation is using hybrid cars. First of all, what do we k presently about the hybrid car? HEVs or hybrid electric vehicles differ from standard vehicles by their source of power. jibe to Michael Westbrook, wh o is recently retired as the manager of technological research with the Ford Motor Company, any vehicle that has more(prenominal) than than one power source can be classified as a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV)(142). The first-ever hybrid cars appeargond in the middle of the nineteenth century. These primitive constructions sped up no more than 10 km/h (Westbrook, 11). The of import energy that propelled vehicle was steam source. In 1905 Belgian, Henry Pieper, invents and patents a hybrid chart for a car. Ferdinand Porsche developed the idea of the Belgian inventor. A car carried the name Lohner Porsche and was very favorite at that time. Company Lohner Porsche evoked a few varieties of hybrid cars of the about different orientation freight, automobile, busses, fire trucks and ambulances. further unfortunately, in 1906 production of hybrids of System Lohner Porsche was stopped from their unprofitability as compared to cars on petrol. A new prosper of interest in the hybrid vehicles emerged after 40 years, in the early 60s, last century. entirely it was just the beginning of an interest in hybrid vehicles (Westbrook, 20-21). Permanent price advances on oil and gas in the late twentieth century, and also strengthening of requirements to ecological descriptions of cars, have compelled developers again to take up developments of ecofriendly and economical motor vehicle. (Westbrook, 23) After a long time, the forgotten ideas of hybrid auto were needed designers. In 1997, Toyota began selling the Prius. Below is the example of two hybrid cars from different manufacturers. (Siler)After two years, another Japanese company Honda produces a hybrid vehicle, which is called Insight. This car satisfied not only the Japanese market, but the US too. But already in 2000, The Toyota Prius went on sale begins to expand to foreign markets, primarily in the United States. It was a huge success. According to the magazine Forbes The Toyota Prius enters in the ten cars tha t changed the world and also as the most sold hybrid car in the world (Westbrook, 26-27). In the meantime, overdue to the progress of hybrid cars and due to the high standards to automobile companies the situation with air pollution significantly changed. The chart below shows six major air pollutants and in the first place is carbon monoxide, which is emitted by vehicles, then nitrogen oxides, then volatilizable organic compounds, etc. (Cooper)But we should mention that comparisons from 1970 to 2002, the carbon monoxide in the air is so much decreased, and the causation for decreasing carbon monoxide is the hybrid car, because as we remember from the history of the hybrid cars in these years were the main progress in the development of hybrid cars. (Cooper) According to Nurretin Demirdovens investigation, which is the professor of Engineering System grade at the MIT, comparing the energy potency of hybrid and fuel cell vehicles, as we have with electrocution engines, showed t hat fuel cell vehicles dont provide more important benefits than hybrid-powered vehicles in urban vehicles in urban driving settings. There are other pros of using hybrid electric vehicle, such as 1. Cost effectiveness. Hybrid car uses less fuel, as is able to move only the electric rake by battery power. 2. Ecological compatibility. Intermittent use of ENGINES is ensured, while the electric motor does not produce harmful emissions into the atmosphere. Toyota Prius to 85 percent less polluting than the class car with traditional power installation. 3. Low noise. galvanising motors are virtually silent.Hybrid car has its drawbacks1. High cost. For modern technology, environmental friendliness and cost faculty car buyers have to pay the price for its purse. 2. The complexity of repair and insufficient development of a vane of service centers in selected countries. 3. Potential danger to pedestrians who often just dont notice because they are hybrids of noiselessness. (YouManitoba) Hybrid cars are good for the environment. Hybrid cars are one among the promising types of new generation cars. Hybrid cars are more reliable than electric cars from what we are seeing to date and they have gasoline as an alternate fuel. Hybrid cars are currently more expensive to buy than conventional cars. So, we may pay more now but we should see great gains and thus yields is solving our current and long term energy call for when it comes to our people mover desires. Hybrid automobile technology has been accepted as an answer for the car pollution issues of the day. And in the end, I would like to conclude by quoting Gandhi If you want to change the world, start with yourself. Lets change the worldWorks CitedCooper, Mary H. Air Pollution Conflict. CQ Researcher 14 Nov. 2003 965-88. Web. 2 Nov. 2012. Demirdven , Nurettin, and put-on Deutch. Hybrid Cars Now, Fuel Cell Car Later. American Association for the Advancement of Science. 13 Aug. 2004 974-976. Web. 2 Nov. 2012. Siler, W es. By The Numbers 2010 Toyota Prius Vs 2010 Honda Insight. Jalopnik. 13 Jan 2009. Web. 6 Dec. 2012 Westbrook, Michael H. The Electric and Hybrid Electric Car. London SAE International and organization of Electrical Engineers, 2001. Print. YouManitoba. What Are The Advantages Of Hybrid Electric Cars? YouTube. 19 Oct. 2010. Web. 20 Oct. 2012

Emotion language term paper Essay Example for Free

Emotion language term paper EssayThe dissimilaritys between mirth, delectation and joy1.IntroductionThe concept of delight can be characterized by triplet separate prototypes, which all refer to felicitousness but each approaches the concept of gladness from a slightly different consequence. The differences reveal mainly in the intensity of the emotion. Therefore it is very interesting how these differences appear in the English language. It is important to see these differences because our order is based on satisfaction and to reach the main goal of ones life it is good to understand the differences in the conceptualizations of happiness. 2.The three prototypesThe source domain of the three prototypes ar taken from the class nones of Emotion Language, from the study of Zoltn Kvecses Emotion concepts from happiness to unrighteousnessA cognitive se valet de chambretic perspective and definitions form answers.com.The prime(prenominal) prototype is called ecstasy whi ch according to answers.com is an intense and especially ecstatic or exultant happiness and the expression or aspect of much(prenominal) jot. In otherwise words, wallow covers an immediate response of happiness. This means that this word is used to deliver a sudden feeling that is self-enabling and comes from within .The next type is called the empiric happiness which is a major(ip) value in life that mountain want to reach. This is a general feeling ab step forward be sleep togethering, therefore it is expressed by the word happiness. In Answers.com this word is described as an agreeable feeling or condition of the soul arising from good fortune or propitious happening of any contour the possession of those circumstances or that state of being which is attended with en triumphment the state of being happy contentment joyful joy felicity blessedness.The last type of happiness is gladness, which is the less intense out of the three types. According to answers.com the wor d glad is experiencing or exhibiting joy and merriment. This feeling can be explained in other words like gratifying, pleasurable, very willing, bright and cheerful.3.The major differences in meaningAccording to the Internet joy and happiness are to a greater extent commonly occur in the same context than joy and glad or happiness and glad so there are a number of studies and articles around happiness versus joy. The agent for this on the one part is that they have a c misplace relation in meaning so it is not as univocal therefore many people does not recognize the differences or has unseasonable thoughts about it. On the other part glad seems to be clearly terminated in meaning in the usage of the English language.Accordingly, there are many conceptualizations about the differences between joy and happiness on the Internet. On the one hand, in a forum about happiness, the opinion of a soulfulness named Suviko was joy is well-nighthing you feel shortly, temporary moment, a pa ssing good feeling. comfort is having that for longer period of condemnation and it is more general, not as much targeted feeling . This explanation perfectly reflects the differences between joy and the existential happiness according to the study of Kvecses. But as it appears in some articles on the profits, this is not the only realization that is considered as the concept of happiness and joy.On the other hand, there is an essay about happiness versus joy which claims that happiness is fleeting and it comes from the fulfillment of ones desires, therefore happiness is dependent upon something fleck joy can be continuous and it comes from within . The main difference between the two conceptualization is the bill of the feeling. In the first statement the duration of the feeling of joy takes less time than happiness while in the second statement joy lasts for longer. This proves that there are some differences in the conceptualization of the first two prototypes of happiness. Besides the differences the main idea about the intensity of the two prototypes reflects everywhere that happiness is more intense.In his study Vic Lebouthillier writes that happiness comes from circumstances like buying a new car or passing an exam while joy is rather appears as inner thankfulness for the constants of life such as nature, freedom, relationships with people, or through having faith in something larger than ourselves . It is also mentioned that happiness is an automatic answer of people for the happenings of the outside world. In contrast, joy does notcome automatically, it is a learned reaction that people have to practice to live a complete emotional life.This points to the fact that the main point in most of the articles on the internet is based on this idea It is important to understand that joy is an emotion that arises from within us and is not affected by the things that happen to us. Instead of looking for external things to give happiness in our lives, we must strive to find the joy within. We must edu regurgitatee ourselves about joy and work to enhance it in our lives.Gladness is the less intense emotional feeling from the three prototypes of happiness. In The quit Dictionary webpage it is pointed out that Glad often refers to the feeling that results from the gratification of a wish or from satisfaction with immediate circumstances Some folks rail against other folks, because other folks have what some folks would be glad of Henry Fielding .In another conceptualization gladness is seldom or never equivalent to mirth, merriment, gayety, and triumph, and it usually expresses less than delight .According to these statements, it can be asseverate that gladness is not only the less intense but it also lasts for the less period of time. some other proof for this can be found in an essay of Margaret Paul where she discusses the differences between happiness and pleasure, and where pleasure is a synonym for gladness. She points out that pleasurable experiences can give us momentary feelings of happiness, but this happiness does not last long because it is dependent upon external events and experiences .4.Differences in language usageThe English language is bass in the metaphors and metonymies about the three prototypes of happiness. The source domain of this section is from Zoltan Kvecses Emotion concepts from happiness to guilt A cognitive semantic perspective. gaiety (existential happiness)Most of the happiness metaphors found on the internet come from quotations, poems and a lower percent can be found in non literary texts. Using the mappings of Kvecses I listed some of the metaphors that I found with the help of Google1. pleasure is a fluid in acontainer Happiness is a positive cash flow. Fred Adler2. Happiness is warm Happiness is a warm gun The Beatles3. Happiness is insanity Sanity and happiness are an impossible combination. Mark Twain4. Happiness is light Happiness is a Swedish sunset it is there fo r all, but most of us look the other way and lose it. Mark Twain5.Happiness is up trying to bump up our happiness Steven Winn6. Happiness is an animal Happiness is a butterfly, which when pursued, is always just beyond your grasp, but which, if you will sit down quietly, may light up upon you Nathanial Hawthorne7. Happiness is a raptus We pretended we could get drunk on root beer, and sometimes on those July nights, I think we were. Drunk with happiness. Lisa LibowitzJoyInterestingly I could find a larger number of metaphors or metonymies on the internet than about joy in non literary articles rater than literary texts. Therefore, in contrast to happiness, it was harder to find metaphors that could start to the list of Zoltn Kvecses.1.Joy is fluid in a container then you will look and be radiant,your heart will throb and swell with joy The Holly Bible (Isaiah 605-11)a place of joy and cessation so full that you need nothing else2.Joy is being off the ground Now I know when yo ur house gets destroyed you wont be jumping for joy.3.Joy is warm A blush of joy absorbed on Lizzies face, and her heart swelled with happiness John Quine (The Captain of the Parish)4.Joy is vitality As I fancy my grandmother tickle and play with the kids, I see her eyes light up with joy. Jennifer Mallett5.Joy is opponent in a struggle When her sick friend saw her, she was overcome with joy.6.Joy is a natural tycoon Ill flood your soul with the joy of cleanliness and the joy of discipline, which will redound to your good forever.7.Joy is a rapture Inner success Freedom from the identification with the mind and movement towards the ecstasy of the Truth . This will bestow us towards our inner joy8.Joy is up He who kisses the joy as it flies. Lives in Eternitys sunrise. William BlakeOne of the greatest joys known to man is to take a flight into ignorance in search of knowledge Robert Lynd9.Joy is light The sun does not excise for a few trees and flowers, but for the wide worlds joy. Henry Ward BeecherGladnessIt was the hardest to find metaphors or metonymies on gladness. I found that the word glad is often used in religious terms on the internet but these were not expressed by metaphors ormetonymies rather it refers to the loving of God and it follows that it is expressed on a very simple way.1.Gladness is light Our brightest blazes of gladness are commonly kindled by unannounced sparks. Samuel JohnsonLight up your face with gladness Judy Garland2.Gladness is fluid in a container A kind heart is a fountain of gladness, making everything in its vicinity freshen into smiles. Washington IrvingMay God fill your heart with gladness to cheer you. Irish Blessing3.Gladness is being in haven Nations and men are only the best when they are the gladdest, and deserve heaven when they enjoy it. Jean Paul Friedrich Richter5.ConclusionSumming up the above, there are differences between the three conceptualizations of happiness in meaning and it also turned out that people are interested in these questions because it is important to understand these to live a happy life.We also saw that the linguistic usage of happiness and joy are very similar to each other they still have that slight difference in meaning. From this point of view gladness metaphors were less frequent and were not as similar to the other two.BIBLIOGRAPHYZoltn Kvecses Emotion concepts from happiness to guilt A cognitive semantic perspectivewww.answers.comhttp//www.kjmaclean.com/HappinessvsJoy.htmlhttp//www.tfproject.org/tfp/archive/index.php/t-7099.htmlhttp//www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi? filing cabinet=/c/a/2007/03/07/DDGLBOFSL11.DTLhttp//thinkexist.com/quotation/happiness_is_a_butterfly-which_when_pursued-is/169068.htmlhttp//www.tiny-lights.com/flash.html?id=20http//www.calvin.edu/admin/chapel/worship/chapel/Isaiah60/wealth.htmhttp//www.light-up-your-life.com/http//www.isle-of-man.com/manxnotebook/fulltext/cp1897/chap104.htmhttp//cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?gladness http//www.entplaza.com/cgi-bin/create/quotes.pl?cat=Happinesshttp//www.entplaza.com/cgi-bin/create/quotes.pl?cat=Happinesshttp//www.thefreedictionary.com/gladnesshttp//www.caringtoday.com/node/296http//www.4to40.com/story/index.asp?id=480tophttp//www.timesandseasons.org/index.php?p=2582http//www.meditationerfan.com/Happiness_vs.htmlhttp//www.dailycelebrations.com/joy.htmhttp//www.dailycelebrations.com/joy.htmhttp//www.dailycelebrations.com/jo

William Shakespeare and Lady Macbeth Essay Example for Free

William Shakespe atomic number 18 and lady Macbeth EssayIf Renaissance writers sought to accurately portray humanistic ideals and construct true to purport portraits using words, then the women of Shakespeares plays embody the apex of this intention. Shakespearean dramas frequently attribute cunning in proveect, calculated control and enigmatic beauty to his effeminate sensations. In modern reflection, they are revealed as forerunners of contemporary women who aptly be their major power to rival men in wit and intellect. seldom powerless or ambivalent, Shakespeares women often drove plots in which they served as the contrivers of the plays central focus. Undoubtedly, the frequently disputed reference must have been nearone who held education in the highest of esteem he gatherly believed the powers thereof could be used for iniquity or self-betterment. As will be shown, Shakespeare depicts the genius of which women are capable as well of the unspeakable evil in which some of literatures most recognizable fe phallics indulged. This dichotomy is perhaps beat out illustrated in two of Shakespeares most recognizable plays Macbeth and The Taming of the Shrew. In the former, Lady Macbeth conceives a massacre of the existing purplish family in order to elevate her economize to the throne of Scotland.The second play exemplifies the struggle of a cayenne jasmine to derail the nuptials of both her sis and herself by warding off but eventually submitting to Petruchios courtship. Both women are delineated by the candor and cleverness of their speech and in due course must face the fate they least desired. However, rarely in either Renaissance play does there exist a muliebrity as remarkably intelligent and beautiful as Portia in The Merchant of Venice. A female virtuoso, she almost certainly embodies what the former believed the ideal charwoman should be.Lady Macbeths manipulative instigation of the central murders in MacBeth illustrates the nak ed ambition which a woman was capable of. As authoritarian and devious as whatever of Shakespeares pillow slips, Lady Macbeth symbolizes the ability of ethical weakness corrupted by power to lead to corruption by immorality. A descendent of regal blood both historically and in the play, her education is presumed equal with any other woman of such status in the Renaissance. In order to understand the dry land of blasphemous ladies in the fifteenth century, it is critical to examine the socio-cultural transformation affecting women throughout Europe.As noted by Margaret L. King in Women of the Renaissance, the course of a changing balance of power, brought on by education being made more(prenominal) widely available to women, resulted in men beginning to respect their wives and look to them as a source of guidance, often in secular and domestic matters. It was with reference to this period that Marie de Guarnay wrote The Equity of men and Women, in which she questioned the valu es of an uneducated woman and suggested that solitary(prenominal) women of culture could have a true sensation of themselves.Another noted female writer, Christine de Pizan, wrote The City of Ladies, which was translated into English in 1521, around the time Shakespeare wrote his plays. The most important of Pizans twenty works, the author detailed the significance of her own education and the instruction of other women. though only if limited education was sought out by commoners, Lady Macbeth would have been part of an elite signifier whom were fortunate enough to have the benefit of private instruction. Lady Macbeths eloquence hints at her implied learnedness.An provide woman was a rarity among the working classes and was therefore a valued sign of class supremacy among the aristocracy. In bet I, Lady Macbeths monologue in scene five epitomizes both her ruthlessness and rhetoric dame MACBETH. The raven himself is hoarse That croaks the fatal entrance of Duncan Under my ba ttlements. Come, you spirits That tend on mortal universal gravitational constantghts, desexualise me here, And fill me from the crown to the toe top-full Of direst hardness. Make thick my blood, Stop up thaccess and passage to remorse, That no compunctious visitings of temperShake my fell purpose, nor hold in peace between Th effect and it. Come to my womans breasts, And take my take out for gall, you murdring ministers, Wherever in your sightless substances You wait on natures mischief. (Shakespeare, 123) Lady Macbeth employs extended metaphors and caustic diction as she implores masculine courage and intelligibly defines her unequivocal ambition to overtake the throne by assassination. The sheer contemptuousness of this articulate soliloquy is evidence of an intellectual specialty who is in fact the dominant partner in her marriage to the future King Macbeth.In concordance, it may be inferred that Lady Macbeth exploits her regal status and intellectual bravery to brin g harm unto others and last-ditchly facilitate her own demise. Her conscience is shown only as she descends into madness and ultimate suicide LADY MACBETH. Wash your pass on, put on your night-gown, look not so pale. I tell you yet again, Banquos buried he cannot come out ons grave DOCTOR. Even so? LADY MACBETH. To fundament, to bed theres a knocking at the gate. Come, come, come, come, give me your hand whats done cannot be undone. To bed, to bed, to bed. (Shakespeare, 219)Lady Macbeth amounts to a vitrine utterly devoid of ethics. Though not only representative of Shakespeares opinion of educated women, his treatment of Lady Macbeth surely suggests that a womans intellectual ability, when miss-used, has adverse effects on the individual and those surrounding her. From the inception of The Taming of the Shrew, it is clear that Katherina indeed lives up to her reputation as Katherine the Curst (Shakespeare, 95). Baptistas eldest daughter behaves aggressively to the friendliest of acquaintances but she is too psychologically astute and capable of tremendous wit and candor.Though Katherinas feisty demeanor may be at first deceptive, by adding innuendos and complex metaphors to her discourse, Shakespeare alludes to a capable, clever woman beneath her pugnacious nature. Additionally, the author sets forth a counter-plot between Bianca and Lucentio who epitomize what a conventional young couple should be his fine-looking looks and charismatic manner pair well with Biancas youthful beauty. Their relationship contrasts strongly with the tempestuous encounters between Petruchio and Katherina. However, Bianca is depicted throughout as submissive and her role is never one of particular interestit envisionms therefore that Shakespeare favors Katherina if only because her persona is the more fascinating to encounter. Bianca, though standardisedly educated and reared similarly to Kate, lacks the gumption and resolve which makes her sister more demanding of her su itors and active in the play. Shakespeares favoritism is further evidenced in the plays title Katherina is clearly the shrew and therefore the protagonist. In sum, the author has favored a willful woman over her submissive counterpart, validatory a womans attempt to control her choice of partner rather than proper obedience.As for the authors inspiration, scholars have suggested that Katherina may have been modeled after his sister, Katherine de Vere of Windsor. If de Veres sister was the inspiration for his shrew, it is evident that he did not remember her fondly When Edward de Vere was in his adolescence, Katherine attempted to obtain his inheritance and earldom by suing him. If Edward de Vere was in fact the author of the Shakespeare plays (Looney 1920, et alia), it seems his personal partialities may have influenced many of his female protagonists.Katherina is further characterized by the literary elements in her speech her wit and quick responses are among the sure signs tha t she is as clever as the men who surround her and a perfect foe for Petruchio. Her infrequent victories over male counterparts are nearly always marked by two facets Katherinas refusal to leave her stance and her keen ability to out-quarrel her opponent. In this passage, Katherina attempts to defy the wishes of Petruchio KATHERINA So may you lose your arms. If you strike me, you are no gentlemen, why then no arms.PETRUCHIO A herald, Kate? O put me in thy books. KATHERINA What is your crest- a cockscomb? PETRUCHIO A combless cock, so Kate will be my hen. KATHERINA No cock of mine you crow too comparable a craven. PETRUCHIO Nay, come Kate, come you must not look so sour. KATHERINA It is my fashion when I see a crab. (Shakespeare, 97) Notably, Kates contemptuous remarks and quick-witted responses come as a great surprise to Petruchio, who seems to enjoy their disputative exchange. Katherina dispels the notion that ladies must be demure and submissive if they wish to attract the c ompany of a suitor. peradventure the most telling moment in the play is Katherinas final interrogatory monologue it seems this speech has been the subject of more controversy than nearly all others in literature. It has been subjected to scholarly scrutiny, denounced by feminists and continued to awe readers for centuries because it is the most implicative moment of Shakespeares view of femininity. From the feminist movement of the twentieth century, there comes the revisionist theory that Kate has not been tamed at all and her character is a mockery of mens treatment of women.Evidence to support this includes Christopher Slys comments about the play, in which he states that Petruchios actions have taught him how to treat a woman. Since we are aware of Christopher Slys foolishness, it is unlikely that the author aimed for readers to identify with this view. It seems possible that Shakespeare intend to reveal the lingering misogyny of an era in which willful, intelligent women wer e often dismissed as stepping exterior their natural roles. Though it seems avant-garde in the context of the period, this theory suggests that womens submissiveness has been mocked and the play is ultimately successfully feminist.If the final monologue is intended to deceive Petruchio and is a calculated attempt to win back his favor, then Katherinas character is truly revolutionary because she has beguiled the two men who know her best- Petruchio and Baptista- into believing that she yields to their desires. But this interpretation of Petruchio and Katherina demonstrates to why it is believed The Earl of Oxford respected Elizabeth Trentham she was an intellectually gifted woman who was capable of actively participating in affairs traditionally allocated to men.The alternate theory and more accepted of the two, is that Kate is a broken woman and male supremacy has been achieved. forth from Kates final monologue, there is evidence throughout the play in favor of a misogynistic int erpretation. In particular, Act IV, in which Petruchio and Kate return home from their wedding, is atrocious yet exemplary of brutal tactics used to keep women from taking charge of the household. Throughout the scene, Petruchio makes subtle suggestions that Kate has been transformed by their wedding from her fathers property to his.Furthermore, as Petruchio becomes enrage by the servants, he directly prevents Katherine from relieving her fundamental need of food and sleep. In response to her taming, Kate attributes the following accolades to her husband at the end of Act V Thy husband is thy lord, thy life, thy keeper, Thy head, thy sovereign one that cares for thee And for thy maintenance commits his body To harrowing labor both by sea and land, To watch the night in storms, the day in cold, Whilst thou list warm at home, secure and safeAnd craves no other tribute at thy handsBut love, fair looks, and true obedience Too little payment for so great a debt. (Shakespeare, 160) Inte rpreted by the second view, this speech may be considered an elegy for the vivacious, feisty Katherina that has been replaced by the implemental Kate. She has eschewed every facet of her personality which had been valued so greatly to this point in the play. In a scent out, Katherina is representative of the cycle which many aristocratic women faced in the Renaissance they were educated to be handy members of society only to be silenced at the hand of a husband they often did not desire.If the speech is not a tongue-in-cheek betrayal, then Katherina has truly been broken by Petruchios incessant cruelty and she represents a victim of the repressive treatment many fifteenth century women endured. Perhaps no examination of Shakespeares treatment of educated women could be complete without deciphering Portias enigmatic mix of beauty and intellect. She is seemingly a serial of contradictions a free sprit abiding by strict rules, feminine but strong and happy to be rid of many of her suitors yet saddened by her inability to control her marital prospects.Portia is a woman of incomparable wealth and patrician social status yet her values are those of every woman. She is clearly the plays protagonist her humility and capacity to make the situations work in her favor counter Shylocks malignant conduct. The epitome of Portias function to the plot can be found in Shakespeares oft discussed court scene. Disguised as Balthasar, she effectively imitates as a man who has been educated through law school.This is the strongest suggestion that Shakespeare intended Portia to be not only learned but also wise her trial scenes reveal a keen sense ofmanipulation which allows Portia to address both parties without apparent bias, though to the reader she hardly seems impartial. In her famous speech, Portia equates the rectitude of mercy with the divine and beseeches Shylocks compassion for Antonio PORTIA. The quality of mercy is not st rain downed It droppeth as the gentle rai n falls from heaven Upon the place beneath. It is twice blest It blesseth him that gave and him that takes.Tis mightiest in the mightiest it becomes The throned monarch better than his crown. His scepter shows the force of temporal power,Wherein doth sit the dread and fear of kings But mercy is above this sceptered sway. (Merchant, 78) Portia is indeed a woman of great articulacy who adapts fluidly to her role as a mediating lawyer. She has used her grace and candor to make a stellar case for Antonios life this could not have been accomplished without her previous schooling. Balthasar turns the case around entirely by trials end, Shylock is begging for mercy from Antonio. Portia has indeed floored the courtroom with her arguments and saved the life of her husbands comrade.The protagonist has effectively used her wits and ingenuity to deliver justice into the hands of an innocent man and antagonized Shylocks voracious ploy. In the context of womens education, Portia exemplifies that with knowledge, women may be as effective as men. Because she is posing in a traditionally male position, it is significant that Portia prevails in the case and delegates a fair result even for the stressful Shylock. Though she is clearly capable of being as effective as any male lawyer, Portia is prohibit to do so unless she poses as a man.Shakespeare is thus providing a strong critique of the limitations of gender roles and satirizing male superiority, a concept quite radical for his time. In a historical context, we are aware of some parallels between these characteristics and the second wife of the Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxfords second wife, Elizabeth Trentham. Though little is known about her background or life with de Vere, from his will and earn certain principles are clear. Elizabeth Trentham did participate in managing of the Earls finances and her letters suggest that she was eloquent and probably of distinguished academic background for a woman of her time.Since it has been said that de Veres get hitched with her for love rather than social gain, we may infer that his true preference leaned toward women of capable intellect and mulish abilities. Portia certainly exhibits these traits her ability to speak in court and prevailing love for Bessanio suggest that she is a woman of resolve and strength. The court scenes in The Merchant of Venice are so potent that they have been the subject of noteworthy scholarly debate. In particular, Portias capable trial speeches bear similarities in tone to the pleas Mary Queen of frugal made for her own life in 1587.Significantly, Edward de Vere was a judge at this trial and though clearly his sympathies lay with Elizabeth I, de Vere may have been struck by Marys unaided defence mechanism which was palpably an attempt to evoke to the sympathies of her judges. She is said to have broken down in court and unabashedly pleaded with the judges for her life. Though her life was not spared, it has been said that she was effective in arousing pity in the court Mary defended herself with consummate ability before a tribunal almost entirely prejudiced against her.She was deprived of legal aid, without her papers and in ill healthshe reached a point of touching eloquence which might have moved the hearts, though it did not convince the intellects, of her august judges. (Looney, 303) Perhaps, the very notion of a woman mounting her own defense at a trial was an idea which struck the Earl of Oxford as worthy of further expansion and like Mary Queen of Scots he constructed the character of Portia to underscore the significance of mercy as a divine attribute bringing both the giver and receiver closer to God.The women of Shakespeares plays were harbingers of the present they represented satisfaction of ability and intellect over rigid gender roles. In Shakespeares time, intelligent women were often viewed as a threat to male superiority however, it seems their attributes often made them capa ble of dominating their relationships with men and their cogency proved equal. This idea is further established by the notion that Portia and Katherina may have been based on women from the authors life. Though studying the works of Shakespeare, it becomes clear that women.

Racial and Ethnic Identity and the feelings of Acceptance and Belongingness Essay Example for Free

Racial and social Identity and the feelings of Acceptance and Belongingness EssayEthnicity generally refers to a persons affiliation with a particular social group, or to their sharing qualities, characteristics or customs of that ethnic group. Ethnic identity, on the other hand, has been linked to the sense of belongingness and identification of an individual within a cultural group. The first off use of ethnic identity in 1896 by French fieldist and scientist, George Vacher de la Pouge, was synonymous with racial identity which toy withs the natural and counterfeit cultural, psychological and social characteristics of a population. (Timble) According to Smith, Ethnic identity is the sum total of group member feelings about those values, symbols, and common histories that identify them as a diaphanous group (Smith, 1991) Charlesworth (2000) maintained ethnic identity development to be an essential human need that provided a sense of belonging and historical continuity an d created a foundation on which to build a pattern of self.On the other hand, Tajfel (1981) described ethnic identity as part of an individuals self-concept genuine from knowledge of membership in a cultural group and the value or emotional signification attached to that membership. However, moving to a nonher community with different culture and ethnicity, like in the case of migration, compromises the attention or preservation of ethnicity in relation to the individuals belongingness to the majority. Parents of the next generation strengthen ethnic identity development of their children by ethnic socialization.Ethnic socialization consists of three themes 1) understanding ones own culture, 2) getting along in mainstream society, and 3) dealing with racism. (Steinberg, 1996) Racism and racial discrimination has long been a concern of the immigrants and their descendants. The entire characteristics like skin color, dustup, religion are parameters in racial identity which some times lead to racial discrimination. Belongingness sometimes adapts the adage When in Rome, do as the Romans do which lose their own self-identity and ethnic identity. victuals and preservation of ethnicity and original culture is subjected to a strong pressure of the armament countrys culture. For example, speech communication is an important set off for the immigrants. The influence of the communication speeds up to learn the host language that previously, the adaptation of language is in the third generation, now the trend is in the children of immigrants. The growing population and influx of immigrants face debates regarding multifactorial issues which dictate acceptance and belongingness of the immigrants to the host country.Prejudice and discrimination may be directed toward an immigrants post as a newcomer as well as against his or her ethnicity or race. In Europe, there is a growing concern on how the immigrants affect their culture and national identity which comes wi th common language, hereditary pattern and ethnicity. (Cohen, 2000) Further queries submit been raised whether or not to absorb the immigrants and allow them to participate in their national activities or to allow them to become their citizen without the thorough knowledge of their culture and heritage.During elections, opposition to immigration is always an issue in some countries like Britain, Switzerland, Denmark, Italy and Sweden. (Cohen, 2000) Immigrants in some countries are also subjects of distrusts and fear. Opposition to immigrants often claims that immigrants have something to do with crimes and unemployment, if not low-wage jobs. Racial discrimination tends to set in which affects the acceptance of immigrants to the host country and if not properly addressed to by the government will give negative effect to both the immigrants and the host country.Ethnic discrimination was identified by Garbarino (1999) to be one of the risk factors that contributed to youth ferocity. Rejection and estrangement from the macroculture go through by many children significantly contributes to acts of violence. Consequently, immigration issues become the central topic for studies of different researchers and sociologists to minimize conflicts. (Garbarino, 1999) in that location have been clamor that immigrants are linked with social crimes in the host countries.This was contradicted by some researchers who conducted tie in studies. Based on the studies in Little Village conducted by the Harvard sociologist Robert J. Sampson, having high number of immigrants does not mean high number of crime. Though Little Village is poor, a relatively low incidence of violence is recorded. (Eval Press, 2006) At least, inacceptance and prejudices to immigrants and their children will lessen a bit by the findings of the researchers done by these sociologists.